Ganglion Cysts: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
Ganglion cysts are fluid-filled lumps that usually forms near a joint or tendon, most often in the wrist or hand. These cysts are common and usually not cancerous, but they can cause pain, stiffness, or limit movement.
Ganglion cysts can change in size and may go away on their own.
What Is a Ganglion Cyst?
A ganglion cyst is a soft or firm lump filled with a thick, jelly-like fluid. It develops when fluid leaks out of a joint or tendon sheath and collects under the skin.
Ganglion cysts most often appear:
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On the back of the wrist
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On the palm side of the wrist
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At the base of a finger
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Near finger joints
What Causes a Ganglion Cyst?
The exact cause is not always known, but ganglion cysts may be linked to joint or tendon irritation.
Common factors include:
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Repetitive hand or wrist motion
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Previous injury
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Joint or tendon stress
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Overuse of the hand or wrist
Ganglion cysts can occur in people of all ages.
Symptoms of a Ganglion Cyst
Symptoms depend on the cyst’s size and location.
Common symptoms include:
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A visible lump or bump
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Swelling in the wrist or hand
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Pain or aching, especially with movement
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Stiffness or reduced range of motion
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Tingling or numbness if nerves are pressed
Some cysts cause no pain at all.
How Is a Ganglion Cyst Diagnosed?
An orthopaedic specialist can usually diagnose a ganglion cyst with a physical exam. Imaging tests may be used to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions.
These may include:
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X-rays
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Ultrasound
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MRI scans
Treatment Options for Ganglion Cysts
Treatment depends on symptoms and how the cyst affects daily activities.
Non-Surgical Treatment
If the cyst is not painful, treatment may not be needed.
Non-surgical options include:
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Observation and monitoring
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Activity modification
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Wrist bracing
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Anti-inflammatory medications
Surgical Treatment
Surgery may be recommended if the cyst:
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Causes ongoing pain
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Limits hand or wrist movement
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Presses on nerves
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Keeps coming back
Surgical treatment involves removing the cyst and its connection to the joint or tendon.
Recovery After Ganglion Cyst Treatment
Recovery depends on the treatment method used. Many patients return to normal activities within a few weeks.
Recovery may include:
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Short-term splinting
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Hand therapy exercises
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Gradual return to activity
Your orthopaedic specialist will guide your recovery.
When Should You See an Orthopaedic Specialist?
You should see an orthopaedic specialist if:
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A lump grows or becomes painful
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Wrist or hand movement is limited
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You experience numbness or tingling
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The cyst interferes with daily tasks
Early evaluation helps ensure proper treatment.
Expert Orthopaedic Hand Care at OIBortho
At OIBortho, our specialists provide expert orthopaedic care for ganglion cysts and other hand conditions. We focus on accurate diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and restoring hand and wrist function.
Contact OIBortho today to schedule an evaluation with our orthopaedic team by calling 732-800-9000 or scheduling online 24/7 for your convenience!
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Are ganglion cysts dangerous?
No. Ganglion cysts are not dangerous. However, they can cause pain or limit movement.
Can a ganglion cyst go away on its own?
Yes. Some ganglion cysts shrink or disappear without treatment.
Should I pop or drain a ganglion cyst at home?
No. This can cause infection or damage nearby structures. Always see an orthopaedic specialist.
Will a ganglion cyst come back after treatment?
Some cysts can return, even after treatment. Surgical removal lowers the chance of recurrence.
When is surgery needed for a ganglion cyst?
Surgery may be recommended if the cyst causes pain, limits movement, or keeps coming back.