Osteoarthritis of the Spine
What Is Osteoarthritis of the Spine?
Osteoarthritis of the spine is a condition that occurs when the cartilage in the joints of the spine breaks down over time. The spine is made up of small joints called facet joints, which help provide movement and stability. When these joints wear down, they can become stiff, inflamed, and painful.
This condition is also known as spinal arthritis or facet joint arthritis. It is one of the most common causes of chronic neck and lower back pain, especially in older adults.
At OIBortho, our physicians evaluate and treat osteoarthritis of the spine for patients throughout Middlesex, Monmouth, and Ocean Counties.
Symptoms of Spinal Osteoarthritis
Symptoms often develop gradually and may worsen over time.
Common symptoms include:
- Neck or lower back pain
- Stiffness, especially in the morning or after rest
- Pain that worsens with activity or standing
- Reduced flexibility in the spine
- Muscle tightness or spasms
- Pain that improves with rest
- Grinding or “crunching” sensation with movement
- Pain that may radiate into the buttocks or thighs (lower back cases)
Symptoms can range from mild to more limiting, depending on severity.
Causes and Risk Factors
Osteoarthritis of the spine develops due to wear and tear on the joints over time.
Common risk factors include:
- Aging
- Repetitive stress on the spine
- Previous spine injuries
- Obesity
- Genetics or family history of arthritis
- Physically demanding occupations
- Poor posture over time
As cartilage wears down, bones may begin to rub together, leading to inflammation and pain.
How Spinal Osteoarthritis Is Diagnosed
A physician will begin with a physical exam and review of symptoms, including range of motion and areas of tenderness.
Diagnostic tools may include:
- X-rays (to look for joint space narrowing and bone spurs)
- MRI scans (to evaluate soft tissues and nerves)
- CT scans (for detailed bone structure)
These tests help confirm arthritis and rule out other causes of pain.
Understanding Spinal Arthritis
Osteoarthritis of the spine primarily affects the facet joints, which guide movement between vertebrae. As these joints degenerate, they may become inflamed and less flexible.
In some cases, bone spurs can develop and contribute to stiffness or nerve irritation if they narrow nearby spaces in the spine.
Management and Treatment Options
Treatment focuses on reducing pain, improving mobility, and slowing progression.
Common options include:
- Activity modification
- Physical therapy and stretching programs
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Heat and ice therapy
- Core strengthening exercises
- Facet joint injections
- Radiofrequency ablation (for longer-lasting pain relief)
- Surgery in severe cases when nerve compression or instability develops
Most patients improve with non-surgical treatment.
Why Choose OIBortho?
OIBortho provides expert care for spinal osteoarthritis using a personalized approach focused on reducing pain and improving function. Our physicians use advanced imaging and targeted treatments to help patients stay active and comfortable.
We serve patients throughout Middlesex, Monmouth, and Ocean Counties with convenient orthopaedic spine care close to home.
Call 732-800-9000 to speak with one of our scheduling specialists or click here to schedule online 24/7!
Frequently Asked Questions
What is osteoarthritis of the spine?
It is a type of arthritis that occurs when the joints in the spine wear down over time, causing pain and stiffness.
What causes spinal osteoarthritis?
It is mainly caused by aging and long-term wear and tear on the facet joints.
Can spinal arthritis be cured?
There is no cure, but symptoms can often be managed effectively with treatment.
What does spinal osteoarthritis feel like?
It often feels like stiffness, aching pain, and reduced flexibility in the neck or lower back.
Does spinal arthritis get worse over time?
It can progress slowly, but many patients manage symptoms well with conservative care.
What treatments help most?
Physical therapy, medications, injections, and lifestyle changes are commonly effective.